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DESIGN BREAKTHROUGH
On the drawing board: two Bay Area architectural
firms design an Eichler home for the 21st century

From the pages of the CA-Modern magazine
By Dave Weinstein

If Joe Eichler were building houses today, would he build 'Eichlers'? Given changing circumstances, could he? Architects at two Bay Area firms believe the answers are "yes," but say 21st century Eichlers would be roomier, use energy more wisely, provide more storage, and benefit from new materials.

'Build an Eichler for the 21st Century' was the challenge CA-Modern recently laid out on the drawing boards of Garcia-DeCredico-Sherman Architecture & Planning, and AS Design, the two Eichler-savvy design firms. Working within ground rules [see sidebar] set by CA-Modern, each design team came up with intriguing answers, including walls that disappear and roofs that collect rainwater.

There were challenges, of course. During the 1950s, energy was cheap. Today, California's Title 24 regulations mandate energy conservation. "Title 24 is significant because of all the glass area," says Paul Adamson of AS Design. "But we can overcome it by using insulated walls and ceilings and glass, and a concrete floor as a heat sink."

In fact, the bigger challenges have more to do with changing tastes than energy conservation. One challenge the architects did not confront as part of this exercise may be the biggest -- building such homes affordably. Land costs today are high, which is why urban and suburban neighborhoods -- including one GDeS is designing in Oakland, are getting denser. And modern construction costs more than conventional, Adamson says, simply because it is unconventional. "Unless you do it like Eichler did, by the hundreds with a crew that was trained in the process, you don't save money," he says.

Adamson and Gabrielle Saponara, his wife and partner in AS Design, realized there was no need to reinvent an Eichler. The floor plans work for today's families, with public and private areas separated, flexible living spaces, wonderful light, and an openness to the out-of-doors. "People live around the kitchen," Adamson says. "That's what everybody does naturally. Eichler got that right."

But both teams have remodeled enough Eichlers to know what needs changing. Some rooms are too small, says Lourdes Garcia of Garcia DeCredico Studio, the houses cost too much to heat, and there's no place for stuff. Saponara says: "Everything is bigger today, and people have more of it." And, she adds, "Tiny bathrooms are a thing of the past."

THE PLAYERS

the gdes designers

GDES Architecture and Design
L-R: Rus Sherman, Joe DeCredico & Lourdes Garcia







as designers

AS Design
L-R: Gabrielle Saponara & Paul Adamson

THE GROUND RULES

To guide their respective designs, CA-Modern submitted the following set of design parameters to each architect team at the project's onset:

Design's location and site: Suburban Eichler tract; flat location; end of cul de sac in a cluster of four other houses; 8,000 to 10,000 square-foot lot

House description: Single story; 2,500-3,000 square feet; 3 bedrooms; 2 bathrooms; 1 studio or hobby room; 1 living room; 1 dining room; every room to have access to the outside; carport and/or garage

Special features: Bank of glass facing backyard; atrium and/or gable roof; passive solar; at least one other energy-saving or efficiency technique

Materials: Define exterior siding, interior walls, heat type, roof type

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THE GARCIA-DECREDICO-SHERMAN HOUSE

gdes designs

The focus of the GDeS plan is flexibility, which was a hallmark of Eichler homes, Garcia observes, but never quite like this. Built around an inflexible utility core, the house has an open living area and a bedroom area that can change along with the family. "The intent is to make the house as flexible as people's lifestyles," DeCredico says.

As shown in the plan, the wing has a master bedroom, two smaller bedrooms, and a third at the front that could be a home office. But the layout can be reconfigured. Every wall in the wing, including walls of storage, moves along a ceiling track or folds against a wall.

The GDeS plan includes one clear Eichler touch, an atrium, here called a 'courtyard,' surrounded by house. The public portion of the steel post-and-beam house, separated from the bedrooms by the courtyard and the utility core of kitchen and bathrooms, opens completely to the outside with folding doors. In contrast to the window-walled living area, the inner core would be solid, probably using a modular system like concrete block.

The bedroom section opens up using louvers of solid wood, translucent glass, and clear glass. Louvers could be removed or rearranged in different patterns. Besides glass and louvers, siding could be a low-maintenance composite material of recycled paper and plastic bottles, or a material that layers plywood and plastics.

The house uses nothing but passive solar for heating, though there is room for a supplementary mechanical heating system. The concrete slab floor, which sits above an air pocket, absorbs sunlight during the day and radiates it back at night. Roof sections are flat, low gabled, and single-sloped. Over the bedroom wing, a trellised roof floats above a lower membrane roof, filtering the sunlight and providing an insulating layer of cool air. The design incorporates two different roofing systems -- light-colored single ply on the flat areas, standing seam metal on the slopes.

gdes design view
gdes floorplan





as design view

THE AS DESIGN HOUSE

Adamson and Saponara focused on efficiency in their design, with virtually no space devoted to circulation, and cabinets doing double duty as walls. They dropped the atrium, which often goes unused, Saponara says. What their plan calls an 'atrium' is really the entry courtyard. Instead of focusing inwards, rooms face outwards onto terraces.

Folding doors allow the living area to open to the out-of-doors. The T-plan separates public and private areas, with steel posts and laminated beams providing unobstructed space in the living area.

The master bedroom and secondary bedrooms face separate terraces. "People today want more privacy," Adamson says. Secondary bedrooms in Eichlers are often small with small windows, Saponara says. Here, walls of windows face the terrace. "We wanted each to have a nice quality of space," she says. As in an Eichler house, the childrens' bathroom opens to the outside.

The AS Design house uses radiant heat in a concrete slab that also serves as a passive solar collector, overhangs for shading, and a butterfly roof to collect rainwater, which is channeled to a decorative backyard cistern that provides water for irrigation. A light-colored single-ply roofing system covers the flat areas of the roof.

For interior and exterior siding, the ceiling, insulation, and structural support, Adamson and Saponara propose using 'SIPS' (structural insulated panels), which sandwich hard foam between layers of wood. Exterior siding would be protected by a wooden rain screen, separated from the wall by an air pocket, to prevent water damage and mold.

Cabinetry and closets serve as walls in the family room, between the kitchen-dining area and garage, and elsewhere. The 'hobby' room opens onto the terrace with no internal connection to the rest of the house. The house deliberately harks back to Eichler and his mid-century compatriots. "I'm very interested in regionalism," Adamson says. "This is our architecture, and it's worth expanding on and continuing."

as design view
as floorplan

Photos by David Toerge


For your next building project, consider the Eichler Network's team of 'Preferred Service Companies'

Architects:
• GDes Architecture & Planning (Marin & SF): gdesarch.com
• Klopf Architecture (San Mateo area): klopfarchitecture.com
• M-Designs (Palo Alto): mdesignsarchitects.com
• Thimgan Architectural Group (Sacramento): thimganarchitecture.com
• o2 Architecture (Palm Springs): o2arch.com

General Contractors:
• Keycon, Inc. (S.F. peninsula): 650-965-1256
• Bay West Enterprises (Palo Alto): baywestbuilders.com
• Calvert Ventures (San Mateo area): exclusivelyeichlers.com
• USA Builders (San Jose): 925-778-5331
• Diamond Building & Construction, Inc. (Marin & S.F.): homediamond.com

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